RESUMO
Scalp lesions are common pediatric findings that present for neurosurgical evaluation and management. The majority will be benign. Meningothelial hamartomas represent a rare subset of congenital cutaneous lesions with the potential for intracranial extension and microscopic infiltration of the surrounding tissues. The authors report in this paper a case of meningothelial hamartoma of the scalp that demonstrated serial growth and invasion of the scalp. The degree of microscopic involvement and growth necessitated close follow-up and repeat excision.
Assuntos
Hamartoma/congênito , Hamartoma/patologia , Dermatoses do Couro Cabeludo/congênito , Dermatoses do Couro Cabeludo/patologia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Couro Cabeludo/patologiaRESUMO
Perineuriomas (PN) are uncommon, slowly growing, usually benign tumors composed of well-differentiated perineural cells. Two variants are recognized: intraneural perineuriomas and soft tissue perineurioma, which includes a sclerosing subset of tumors. They are usually reported in the adult population. We present three cases of soft tissue perineuriomas in children. One was located in the deep soft tissue of the retroperitoneum in a 14-year-old girl, the second one in the left thumb of a 14-year-old boy, and the third one in the index finger of a 16-year-old boy. This report, which describes the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of these tumors, should alert pathologists to the occurrence of perineuriomas in children. A review of the English language literature on perineuriomas in children is also included.
Assuntos
Neoplasias de Bainha Neural/patologia , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/patologia , Células Satélites Perineuronais/patologia , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/patologia , Adolescente , Fator de Transcrição E2F6 , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Neoplasias de Bainha Neural/ultraestrutura , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/ultraestrutura , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismo , Proteínas S100/metabolismo , Células Satélites Perineuronais/ultraestrutura , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/ultraestrutura , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismoRESUMO
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a multisystem disease and, besides infections, various proliferative and neoplastic disorders are seen in cytology, biopsy, and autopsy specimens from infected children. These lesions can be classified into four types: systemic lymphoproliferation, smooth muscle tumors, Kaposi sarcoma (KS), and human papilloma (HPV)-related genital lesions. In addition, isolated cases of multiple miscellaneous tumors have been reported. Proliferative and neoplastic disorders are categorized as lesions of undetermined pathogenesis; however, there are certain factors that are suggested to be related to their pathogenesis. The symptoms related to them may be atypical or difficult to appreciate, and proliferative and neoplastic disorders may clinically mimic an opportunistic infection. The type and site of proliferative and neoplastic disorder also tends to be atypical as compared with those seen in non HIV-infected children. This is a brief but detailed review of these disorders in children with AIDS.
